A typical picture: the contract was signed as a PDF or even on paper, while certificates and UPDs have run through EDO for a year. In a claim, the amount in the UPD does not match the estimate, and the “current” contract version exists only in one party’s email.
From 1 February 2026 the rules for a machine-readable power of attorney (MChD) tightened: the format, the identifiers, and the authority check. If an employee signed with a personal qualified electronic signature “as usual” and the MChD is outdated or does not cover the deal, the counterparty has a reason to challenge the signature.